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Here are some interesting geography facts that are unique to individual U.S. states.

Alabama

Alabama is the only state with all major natural resources needed to make iron and steel.

Alaska

Alaska is only state that extends into the Arctic Circle, boasting the highest peak in North America, Mount McKinley.

Alaska is the only U.S. state that is both the northernmost and the westernmost.

Alaska is the only state in the U.S. to have coastlines on two different oceans: the Arctic Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean.

Arizona

Arizona is the only U.S. state that contains a segment of all four North American deserts: the Great Basin, Sonoran, Chihuahuan, and Mojave deserts. This convergence of desert ecosystems does not occur in any other state.

Arkansas

Craters of Diamonds State Park in Arkansas is the only park in the United States where visitors can mine for diamonds and keep them.

California

California is the only state that hosts both the highest (Mount Whitney) and lowest (Death Valley) points in the contiguous United States.

California is the only state that has hosted both the Summer and Winter Olympics. The state has hosted three olympics: Summer Olympics in Los Angeles in 1932, Summer Olympics in Los Angeles in 1984, and the Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley in 1960.

Connecticut

Connecticut is the only state in the United States where counties have no independent government and are merely geographical regions on a map. Legislation passed in 1959 and 1961 removed the duties and functions of the state’s eight counties.

Colorado

Colorado is the only state in the U.S. where every part of its territory is above 1,000 meters (3,280 feet) in elevation.

Delaware

Delaware is the only state that still uses the sub-county geographic subdivision of “hundreds”. A holdover from when Delaware was a British colony, a hundred was traditionally an area that could support approximately 100 families. Delaware is the only state where the term “hundred” remains in use today.These divisions, though no longer serving legislative or judicial purposes, are still used in property tax assessments.

Florida

Florida is the only state that has a tropical climate in parts of its territory and is the closest state to the equator in the continental U.S.

Florida is the only state in the continental United States where extensive shallow coral reef formations can be found near its coasts.

Georgia

Georgia is the only U.S. state that is home to the geographic region known as the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians, where ridges and valleys run parallel to each other. This unique topographical feature, located in the northwestern part of the state, distinguishes Georgia from the other U.S. states.

Hawaii

Hawaii is the only state that is an archipelago, a chain of islands situated in the central Pacific Ocean. Consisting of 137 islands, including eight main islands, the Hawaiian archipelago spans over 1,500 miles. The formation of the Hawaiian Islands is attributed to volcanic activity, with several active volcanoes still present on the Big Island.

Hawaii is also the only U.S. state that does not share a land boundary with another state or country. As an archipelago, Hawaii is the only state entirely surrounded by an ocean, the Pacific Ocean.

Idaho

Idaho has the only U.S. state seal designed by a woman, which was designed byEmma Edwards Green in 1891.

Illinois

Illinois is the only U.S. state that has a majority of its land covered by a specific type of soil, known as Drummer silty clay loam. It’s the state soil and represents the extensive prairie lands that once covered Illinois.

Iowa

Iowa is the only state whose east and west borders are entirely formed by water (the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers).

Kansas

Kansas is the only state to have researchers scientifically prove that it’s “flatter than a pancake”. In a 2003 study by geographers at Texas State University and Arizona State University, a topographical analysis found that the flatness of the state is indeed greater in some areas than that of a pancake.

Kentucky

Kentucky is the only U.S. state with a cave system that extends longer than 400 miles. Kentucky has a unique geographical feature known as the Mammoth Cave System, which is the longest known cave system in the world. With more than 400 miles (640 kilometers) of explored passageways, this extensive cave system is located in the heart of Kentucky and is a World Heritage Site.

Louisiana

Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are equivalent to counties.

Maine

Maine is the only state that shares its border with only one other U.S. state (New Hampshire) and has the easternmost point in the contiguous United States.

Maine is the only U.S. state with a one-syllable name.

Maryland

Maryland is the only state without a natural lake.

Michigan

Michigan is the only state that consists of two peninsulas, the Upper and Lower Peninsulas, separated by the Straits of Mackinac.

Michigan is the only state with a floating post office, the J.W. Westcott II.

Michigan is the only state with coastlines on four of the five Great Lakes—Michigan, Superior, Huron, and Erie— and has the longest freshwater coastline in the United States.

Montana

Montana is theonly producer of palladium & platinumin the United States. Palladium is a chemical element used for dental alloys and automobile catalytic converters. Platinum is also used for catalytic converters and is a favored metal for jewelry.

South Carolina

South Carolina is the only state with a large-scale commercial tea plantation.

South Dakota

South Dakota is the only state that houses the geographic center of the entire U.S., near the town of Belle Fourche.

Tennessee

Tennessee is one of only two states that is bordered by eight other states: Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia. Missouri also borders eight other states: Arkansas, Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Oklahoma, Tennessee, and Nebraska. What makes Tennessee unique is that it is the only state that borders three separate U.S. regions: the South (Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia), the Midwest (Arkansas, Missouri), and Appalachia/East (Kentucky, Virginia, North Carolina).

Texas

Prior to becoming the 28th state in 1845, six sovereignties since European settlers arrived had claimed the region. The phrase “Six Flags over Texas,” represents changing claims by Spain, France, Mexico as well as periods as a republic, an independent state during the Civil War, and as part of the United States before and after the Civil War. Texas is the only state whose flag, the Lone Star Flag, was formerly the flag of a sovereign nation (adopted in 1939 as part of the Republic of Texas.

While Hawai‘i also has a similar flag to the one designed for the Kingdom of Hawai‘i, it was not officially adopted as the national flag of the Republic of Hawai‘i in the same way Texas’s Lone Star Flag served as the official flag of an independent nation.

Vermont

Vermont is the only state without any buildings taller than 124 feet (38 meters).

Virginia

Virginia is the only state entirely within the area commonly defined as Appalachia, and it is almost entirely covered by mountainous terrain.

Washington

Washington is the only state named after a president, George Washingon who was the first president of the United States.

West Virginia

West Virginia is the only U.S. state that lies entirely within a mountain range.

West Virginia is the only state created by seceding from a Confederate state.

Wisconsin

Wisconsin is the only state with an official state microbe, Lactococcus lactis, used in cheese making.

Wyoming

Wyoming is the only state in the U.S. with a population under 600,000 as of the 2020 census.

This article was originally published on August 12, 2023 and has since been updated.